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- WORLD, Page 43The View from the Guesthouse
-
-
- The sight was enough to give a Soviet advanceman heartburn.
- There, in the Great Hall of the People, was a long table set up
- with microphones and teacups. The rows of chairs were filled
- with hundreds of journalists, all of whom had to dodge
- banner-waving marchers, speeding ambulances and mazes of
- bicycles in Tiananmen Square to make what was supposed to be a
- 5:45 p.m. press conference by Mikhail Gorbachev. Then, just at
- showtime, came the news: the session was being moved five miles
- away to the state guesthouse where Gorbachev was staying in the
- Diaoyutai compound.
-
- For the fifth -- and by no means final -- time last week,
- the Gorbachev schedule was changed to keep as much distance as
- possible between the guest and the million Chinese cheering his
- policies of openness and democratization. When the relaxed and
- smiling Soviet leader finally made his appearance at 7:30 p.m.,
- he was asked about the demonstrations paralyzing the Chinese
- capital. "I've seen the students," said a bemused Gorbachev.
- "But perhaps not as many as you have."
-
- What began for Gorbachev as a diplomatic mission aimed at
- normalizing relations with the People's Republic of China
- quickly evolved into a diplomatic mission of another sort: how
- to pretend your hosts are not trying to put down a revolution
- at the same time they're teaching you how to use chopsticks.
- This scenario, alas, was not covered in the slim white protocol
- books given to the Soviet entourage and the 80 or so reporters
- who accompanied Gorbachev from Moscow. What the book did cover
- often proved useless. Gorbachev did not "arrive by car" at
- Tiananmen Square nor, accompanied by two soldiers of the Chinese
- honor guard, did "the distinguished guest" lay a wreath at the
- Monument to the People's Heroes. And what about that passage on
- proper behavior at the Beijing Opera? Mikhail and Raisa never
- enjoyed a night out.
-
- The Soviet delegation was careful not to do or say anything
- in public that might offend the Chinese. When a briefing by
- Soviet cultural luminaries was dominated by questions about the
- student demonstrations, the director of the Soviet press center
- at the Beijing International Hotel finally blew up. "You are
- putting us in a difficult position," he snapped. "Ask questions
- about our country." Foreign Ministry press spokesman Gennadi
- Gerasimov resorted to irony when queried about the wreath-laying
- ceremony. "We are guests and never argue with our hosts," he
- replied. "We recognize that it would be physically impossible
- to carry out this part of the program. But it is a matter for
- the Chinese."
-
- Even Soviet journalists proved to be diplomats at heart.
- Despite persistent questions about Gorbachev's reaction to the
- protests, a Soviet correspondent evaded the topic and kept
- insisting that the real story was the renewed friendship
- between two great countries. In private, however, Gorbachev
- could not control his curiosity. Late Monday evening he summoned
- Soviet journalists to his country's embassy and peppered them
- with questions about what was happening in the streets.
-
- TV viewers back in the U.S.S.R. saw footage of the
- protesters only on the day their leader left China, and even
- then the events were presented as two completely different
- stories. During Gorbachev's stay, Soviet television had blacked
- out the demonstrations. However, within minutes after Gorbachev
- boarded the plane in Shanghai and headed home, TASS carried its
- first detailed story on the crisis. What the Soviet press has
- yet to report, of course, is what Gorbachev, Foreign Minister
- Eduard Shevardnadze and the other members of the Soviet
- diplomatic team really thought about their extraordinary visit.
- Quipped a Soviet journalist: "We will never really know the true
- story until Shevardnadze retires and writes his memoirs."
-
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